Los adultos también necesitan vacunarse
La necesidad de estar vacunado no termina cuando se hace adulto. Vacúnese para protegerse y para proteger a sus seres queridos de enfermedades graves.
¡Las vacunas no son solo para niños! Independientemente de la edad que tengamos, todos necesitamos vacunas para estar protegidos contra enfermedades graves y, a veces, mortales. La protección de las vacunas que recibió de niño puede desaparecer con el tiempo, lo que podría ponerlo en riesgo de contraer enfermedades nuevas y diferentes.
Averigüe cuáles son las vacunas recomendadas para usted
Las vacunas específicas que necesita como adulto se determinan por factores como su edad, trabajo, estilo de vida, las afecciones que tenga, los lugares donde viaje y las vacunas que haya recibido en el pasado. A lo largo de la vida adulta se recomiendan vacunas para que obtenga y mantenga protección contra las siguientes afecciones:
- Influenza (gripe) estacional* (para todos los adultos)
- Tosferina* (o pertussis, para todos los adultos que no hayan recibido antes la vacuna Tdap [o triple bacteriana] y las mujeres en cada embarazo)
- Tétanos* y difteria* (cada 10 años después de la vacuna Tdap)
- Herpes zóster* (o culebrilla, para los adultos mayores de 60 años)
- Enfermedad neumocócica* (para los adultos mayores de 65 años, y los menores de 65 que tengan determinadas afecciones)
Entre las otras vacunas que podría necesitar se incluyen las que protegen contra el virus del papiloma humano (que puede causar ciertos cánceres), las vacunas contra la enfermedad meningocócica,* la hepatitis B,* la hepatitis A,* la varicela, y la que protege contra el sarampión,* la paperas* y la rubéola.* Los recientes brotes de sarampión sirven de recordatorio para revisar si está al día con las vacunas y, si no lo está, para vacunarse.
Pregúntele a su profesional de atención médica qué vacunas son adecuadas para usted
Puede responder este sencillo cuestionario* para determinar qué vacunas podrían ser recomendables para usted e imprimir los resultados personalizados para llevarlos a su próxima cita médica.
Vacunarse
Los adultos pueden vacunarse en el consultorio de un profesional de atención médica, en farmacias, el lugar de trabajo, centros de salud comunitarios, departamentos de salud y en otros lugares. Para encontrar un lugar cercano donde vacunarse, visite el buscador de vacunas HealthMap.*
La mayoría de los planes de los seguros médicos cubren las vacunas recomendadas. Consulte los detalles con su seguro médico y pídales una lista de proveedores de vacunas que estén cubiertos por su plan. Si no tiene seguro médico, visite www.cuidadodesalud.gov/es/ para obtener más información sobre seguros médicos y las opciones que tiene.
* Los enlaces a sitios web pueden llevar a páginas en inglés o español.
- Adult vaccination rates in the United States are still very low, even among those at high risk for vaccine-preventable diseases.
- Adults with chronic conditions are more likely to develop serious complications from certain vaccine-preventable diseases—take the quiz and find out which vaccines you may need.
- Healthcare providers can use free CDC resources to educate patientsand strongly recommend the vaccines they need.
Adults With Chronic Conditions: Get Vaccinated | Features | CDC
Adults With Chronic Conditions: Get Vaccinated
Vaccines are recommended for all adults to help prevent getting and spreading diseases. Vaccines are especially important for those with chronic conditions, who are more likely to develop complications from certain vaccine-preventable diseases. Find out which vaccines are recommended for you.
Vaccines are an important step in protecting adults against serious, sometimes deadly, diseases. Even if you were vaccinated at a younger age, the protection from some vaccines can wear off or the viruses or bacteria that the vaccines protect against change so your resistance is not as strong. As you get older, you may also be at risk for vaccine-preventable diseases due to your age, job, hobbies, travel, or health conditions.
CDC recommends that all adults get the following vaccines:
- Influenza vaccine every year to protect against seasonal flu
- Td vaccine every 10 years to protect against tetanus
- Tdap vaccine once instead of Td vaccine to protect against tetanus and diphtheria plus pertussis (whooping cough) and during each pregnancy for women
- Other vaccines you need as an adult are determined by factors such as age, lifestyle, job, health condition and vaccines you have had in the past. Vaccines you need may include those that protect against: shingles, human papillomavirus (which can cause certain cancers), pneumococcal disease,meningococcal disease, hepatitis A and B, chickenpox (varicella), measles, mumps, and rubella
Adults with chronic conditions are more likely to develop complications, including long-term illness, hospitalization, and even death, from certain vaccine-preventable diseases.Talk to your doctor to make sure you are up to date on the vaccines that are recommended for you.
For more information about heart disease and stroke prevention, visitmillionhearts.hhs.gov.
Heart Disease
People with heart disease, or those who have had a stroke, have a higher risk of serious medical complications from the flu, including worsening of their heart disease. People with heart disease are at almost three times higher risk of being hospitalized with flu than those without heart disease.
CDC recommends people with heart disease get a yearly influenza (flu) vaccine. They should also getpneumococcal vaccines, once as an adult before 65 years of age and then two more doses at 65 years or older.Visit CDC's heart disease and vaccination page to learn more.
Lung Disease
People with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or other conditions that affect the lungs have a higher risk of complication from influenza (the flu) even if the condition is mild and symptoms are controlled. Since people with asthma and COPD have sensitive airways, inflammation from the flu can cause asthma attacks or make asthma and COPD symptoms worse. Those with asthma, COPD, or other conditions that affect the lungs are more likely to develop pneumonia and other respiratory diseases after getting sick with the flu than those without these conditions.
CDC recommends people with asthma, COPD, or other conditions that affect the lungs get a yearly flu vaccine. If you have a lung condition, you should also get pneumococcal vaccines—once as an adult before 65 years of age, and then two more doses at 65 years or older. Your doctor may recommend additional vaccines based on your lifestyle, travel habits, and other factors. To learn more, visit CDC's page on lung disease and adult vaccination.
Diabetes
People with type 1 or type 2 diabetes have a higher risk of hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatitis B can be spread through sharing of blood glucose meters, finger stick devices, or other diabetes care equipment such as insulin pens. Diabetes, either type 1 or type 2, can also weaken the immune system's ability to fight the flu. People with diabetes, even if well managed, are more likely than those without diabetes to have complications from the flu such as pneumonia, which can lead to hospitalization.
CDC recommends people with diabetes get pneumococcal vaccines, once as an adult before 65 years of age and then two more doses at 65 years or older, a yearly influenza (flu) vaccine, and a hepatitis B vaccine series if they're between the ages of 19 and 59. If you are 60 years or older, talk to your doctor to see if you should get hepatitis B vaccine. CDC has more information on diabetes and adult vaccination to help you learn about the vaccines you need.
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