martes, 19 de abril de 2016

retinitis pigmentosa - Genetics Home Reference & New on the MedlinePlus Retinal Disorders page

retinitis pigmentosa - Genetics Home Reference

Genetics Home Reference, Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions

retinitis pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of related eye disorders that cause progressive vision loss. These disorders affect the retina, which is the layer of light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. In people with retinitis pigmentosa, vision loss occurs as the light-sensing cells of the retina gradually deteriorate.
The first sign of retinitis pigmentosa is usually a loss of night vision, which becomes apparent in childhood. Problems with night vision can make it difficult to navigate in low light. Later, the disease causes blind spots to develop in the side (peripheral) vision. Over time, these blind spots merge to produce tunnel vision. The disease progresses over years or decades to affect central vision, which is needed for detailed tasks such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces. In adulthood, many people with retinitis pigmentosa become legally blind.
The signs and symptoms of retinitis pigmentosa are most often limited to vision loss. When the disorder occurs by itself, it is described as nonsyndromic. Researchers have identified several major types of nonsyndromic retinitis pigmentosa, which are usually distinguished by their pattern of inheritance: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked.
Less commonly, retinitis pigmentosa occurs as part of syndromes that affect other organs and tissues in the body. These forms of the disease are described as syndromic. The most common form of syndromic retinitis pigmentosa is Usher syndrome, which is characterized by the combination of vision loss and hearing loss beginning early in life. Retinitis pigmentosa is also a feature of several other genetic syndromes, including Bardet-Biedl syndromeRefsum disease; andneuropathy, ataxia, and retinitis pigmentosa (NARP).

Retinal Disorders: MedlinePlus



Genetics Home Reference, Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions



Retinal Disorders Update

New on the MedlinePlus Retinal Disorders page:
04/13/2016 02:39 PM EDT
Genetics Home Reference, Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions
Source: National Library of Medicine - NIH
04/13/2016 02:39 PM EDT
Genetics Home Reference, Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions
Source: National Library of Medicine - NIH
04/13/2016 02:39 PM EDT
Genetics Home Reference, Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions
Source: National Library of Medicine - NIH
04/13/2016 02:39 PM EDT
Genetics Home Reference, Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions
Source: National Library of Medicine - NIH
04/13/2016 02:39 PM EDT
Genetics Home Reference, Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions
Source: National Library of Medicine - NIH
04/13/2016 02:39 PM EDT
Genetics Home Reference, Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions
Source: National Library of Medicine - NIH
04/13/2016 02:39 PM EDT
Genetics Home Reference, Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions
Source: National Library of Medicine - NIH
04/13/2016 02:39 PM EDT
Genetics Home Reference, Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions
Source: National Library of Medicine - NIH
04/01/2016 03:08 PM EDT
Genetics Home Reference, Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions
Source: National Library of Medicine - NIH


Illustration of internal eye anatomy



National Institutes of Health

The primary NIH organization for research on Retinal Disorders is theNational Eye Institute

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Summary

The retina is a layer of tissue in the back of your eye that senses light and sends images to your brain. In the center of this nerve tissue is the macula. It provides the sharp, central vision needed for reading, driving and seeing fine detail.
Retinal disorders affect this vital tissue. They can affect your vision, and some can be serious enough to cause blindness. Examples are
  • Macular degeneration - a disease that destroys your sharp, central vision
  • Diabetic eye disease
  • Retinal detachment - a medical emergency, when the retina is pulled away from the back of the eye
  • Retinoblastoma - cancer of the retina. It is most common in young children.
  • Macular pucker - scar tissue on the macula
  • Macular hole - a small break in the macula that usually happens to people over 60
  • Floaters - cobwebs or specks in your field of vision
NIH: National Eye Institute

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