sábado, 26 de marzo de 2016

CDC en Español - Especiales CDC - Día Mundial del Agua 2016

agua 2016, VER TEXTO EN INGLÉS ►

CDC en Español - Especiales CDC - Día Mundial del Agua 2012

Sepa del Día Mundial del Agua 2016


Día Mundial del Agua del 2016

Todos los años, el 22 de Marzo, el Día Mundial del Agua atrae la atención internacional hacia la conservación y el desarrollo de recursos de agua dulce.

Sistema de irrigación
¿Sabía usted que se necesitan mil veces más cantidad de agua para alimentar a una persona que para saciar su sed? Mientras una persona normal bebe unos 2.5 litros de agua al día, producir tan solo 2.2 lbs (1 kilo) de carne requiere 15,000 litros de agua. La producción agrícola llega al 70% de todo el consumo de agua, más que la cantidad necesaria para el uso doméstico e industrial en su totalidad.
Debido a que la población mundial sigue creciendo a un ritmo rápido, la demanda por agua dulce necesaria para la producción de alimentos seguirá aumentando, incrementando la necesidad de este invaluable recurso. Todas las personas pueden abordar este asunto crítico si aprenden las medidas que pueden tomar para ayudar a preservar nuestros recursos de agua dulce, como son:
  • Saber cuánta agua se gasta para producir los alimentos que comemos cada día y consumir productos que requieran menos agua.
  • Tener cuidado de no desperdiciar comida; el 30% de todos los alimentos producidos en el mundo nunca se consumen.
  • Promover que los productores de alimentos usen menos agua en sus comidas.

Información sobre el agua, la higiene y la salubridad global (WASH) de los CDC

Las condiciones inadecuadas relacionadas con el agua, la higiene y la salubridad (WASH, por sus siglas en inglés) se presentan en una variedad de entornos, desde los campos de refugiados temporales hasta en las viviendas ocupadas permanentemente en las grandes ciudades.
Desde 1990, el número de personas con acceso a mejores recursos de agua potable y salubridad ha aumentado en 2 mil millones y 1.8 mil millones respectivamente (1). A pesar de este aumento, cientos de millones todavía no tienen acceso a estos recursos esenciales (1).
El programa global WASH de los CDC brinda conocimientos de expertos e intervenciones encaminadas a salvar vidas y a reducir las enfermedades al mejorar el acceso en el mundo al agua segura y saludable, a recursos de salubridad adecuada y a mejores estándares de higiene. El programa WASH trabaja en medidas prevención y control a largo plazo para mejorar la salud, reducir la pobreza y mejorar el desarrollo socioeconómico, así como para responder a las emergencias y brotes globales de enfermedades que ponen la vida de las personas en peligro. Estas mejorías reducen el impacto mortal de las enfermedades relacionadas con el agua, la salubridad y la higiene, desde el cólera a la fiebre tifoidea, hasta la hepatitis.
Para más información sobre el Día Mundial del Agua e ideas acerca de cómo participar, visite el sitio web del Día Mundial del Agua de las Naciones Unidas.

Más información

Referencias
  1. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization. Progress on drinking water and sanitation: 2012 updateAclaraci?n sobre los enlaces a sitios web externos New York, NY: UNICEF, World Health Organization






World Water Day 2016 | Features | CDC



CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC 24/7: Saving Lives. Protecting People.



World Water Day 2016

Silhouette of family fishing in Africa



Each year on March 22, World Water Day attracts international attention to the conservation and development of freshwater resources.
Water is a finite resource that is fundamental to human health and well-being. From food and energy security to human and environmental health, water is also an essential part of sustainable development. Nearly half of workers around the world (1.5 billion people) have jobs in water-related industries.1 Many industries rely on water to perform jobs, such as fishing, agriculture, manufacturing, and food service. Societies and economies depend on the people who work to keep the water we drink safe.
Managed efficiently, water plays an important role in strengthening the resilience of social, economic, and environmental systems in the face of rapid and unpredictable changes, including changes in the earth's climate. Climate change impacts water quality and availability, the infrastructure that provides access to safe drinking water, and the spread of waterborne diseases.
The World Health Organization estimates that an additional 250,000 people will die per year between 2030 and 2050 as a result of climate change.2Diarrheal diseases from contaminated water and lack of adequate sanitation and hygiene will be a major cause of these additional deaths.3
Now is the time to address these challenges and to commit to the responsible management of water resources to ensure sustainable development in the present and for generations to come.
For more information on World Water Day and ideas on how to get involved, visit the United Nations' World Water Day website.

Story from the Field: Cholera in Kenya

The world is currently experiencing an El Niño event that is bringing heavy rain and flooding to East Africa, while southern Africa is experiencing a drought. In the past, El Niño events have been linked to cholera outbreaks in the Africa Great Lakes Region countries.4 A large cholera outbreak has been ongoing in Kenya since January 2015. Patients in this outbreak did not have adequate access to safe water and sanitation services and did not practice proper handwashing.5 Infrastructure needs to be developed in response to changes in climate that affect access to safe water and adequate sanitation and hygiene.
Two boys getting water on the street in Kenya
Infrastructure needs to be developed in response to changes in climate that affect access to safe water.

CDC's Global Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Expertise

Inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions exist in a range of settings, from temporary refugee camps to entire neighborhoods in large cities.
Since 1990, the number of persons able to access improved drinking water sources and sanitation facilities* has increased by 2.3 billion and 1.9 billion respectively. Despite these gains, hundreds of millions still lack access to these essential resources, making them susceptible to life-threatening WASH-related diseases ranging from cholera to typhoid fever to hepatitis.6 CDC's global WASH work involves partnerships with other US government agencies, ministries of health, non-governmental organizations, UN agencies, private companies and various international agencies. Our program provides expertise and interventions aimed at saving lives and reducing illness by improving global access to healthy and safe water, adequate sanitation, and improved hygiene.
The WASH program works on long-term prevention and control measures for improving health, reducing poverty, and improving socioeconomic development as well as responding to global emergencies and outbreaks of life-threatening illnesses. These improvements reduce illness and death from WASH-related disease and help to promote improved overall health, poverty reduction, and socio-economic development.
For more information on CDC's Global WASH Program, visit the CDC at Work section of our Global WASH website.
*An improved water source is defined as water that is supplied through a household connection, public standpipe, borehole well, protected dug well, protected spring, or rainwater collection. Improved sanitation facilities usually ensure separation of human waste from human contact.

References

  1. World Water Day website
  2. World Health Organization. Health in 2015: from MDGs to SDGs[804 KB]. New York, NY: World Health Organization; 2015.
  3. World Health Organization. Health in 2015: from MDGs to SDGs[985 KB]. New York, NY: World Health Organization; 2015.
  4. Nkoko DB, Giraudoux P, Plisnier PD, Mutombo Tinda A, Piarroux M, Sudre B, Horion S, Muyembe Tamfum JJ, Ilunga BK, and Piarroux R. "Dynamics of Cholera Outbreaks in Great Lakes Region of Africa, 1978–2008," Emerging Infectious Diseases
  5. George G, et al. Notes from the Field: Ongoing Cholera Outbreak – Kenya, 2014-2016. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
  6. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization. Progress on drinking water and sanitation: 2014 update. 2014.

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